Esma Gelis' doctoral project examines the mobility practices and cultures of migrants in Germany, in particular the (historical) mobilities of guest workers and subsequent generations as well as refugees. The focus is on the question of how mobility develops in the context of migration and what role it plays in social participation.

A central aspect of the project is the production and consumption of mobility by the respective groups. The car played a key role for migrant workers, as many of them worked in the production sector and the car was of great importance for daily and social mobility. In the study of refugees, the use of bicycles in particular is examined, as many refugees work in the delivery service sector, where the bicycle often serves as the most important means of transport.

The project examines how these mobility practices influence not only access to jobs, but also social integration and a sense of belonging. It also takes a critical look at the structural inequalities that characterise the mobility of migrants in urban areas. Particularly with regard to the mobility of refugees as suppliers, the question arises as to what extent these often precarious jobs are related to the aspects of mobility justice and what social challenges are associated with them. The project thus aims to further develop theoretical concepts of mobility and integration and to formulate practical recommendations for a socially just and inclusive mobility organisation.