Diversity of hydraulic-functional attributes and types of strategies of forested Amazonian ecosystems in times of hydro-climatic changes – Hydrotraits

This ATTO subproject aims to describe and quantify the vulnerability of the most important tree species of different forest types in western Amazonia to climato-hydrological changes along a climatic gradient. In addition to the ATTO site, which already contains data on the floristic composition in several ecosystems, this project aims to establish three research sites along a west-east gradient, where the numbers of consecutive months with monthly rainfall < 100 mm increase from 0 ( ATTO site) to 2-3 (lower Rio Trombetas), 3-4 (lower Rio Tapajós) to 5-6 (lower Rio Xingu). At these three sites we plan aboveground floristic and biomass inventories in three forest types, ideally incorporating floodplain and/or igapó, terra firme, and campinarana at all sites. The hydraulic functional attributes at leaf, trunk-stem and wood level of the five most abundant indicator species of each forest type and site will be investigated. Simultaneously, we constructed spectral libraries of leaf tissue, bark tissue, and wood tissue using near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS). Spectral models of fresh and dry material will be calibrated with inventories of functional attributes, with the aim of creating a fast and innovative method of detecting hydraulic functional attributes. With the ecosystem and interspecific comparison, we hope to compare the functional diversity of the most important Amazonian forest types along the climatic gradient, and with that an assessment of the future reaction of tree species, types of strategies and ecological functions against the increase in frequency and intensity. of extreme weather events.